Sherlock Holmes owes his success to a combination of two Victorian preoccupations-science and crime. He single-handedly popularised the notion that one could fight the other. Conan Doyle made no secret of the fact that Dr Joe Bell was his model for Sherlock Holmes and it was a stroke of genius to have the great detective openly despising his real-life counterparts in this new field of forensic science. Crime writer Ruth Dudley Edwards examines these counterparts in London, Paris and New York and reveals how the fictional detective helped fight crime. Producer Joanna Rahim Programme of the Week: page 111